Steel Structure Welding Quality Control: Los ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim nyog mus rau qhov kawg Weld txais
Aug 05, 2026
Steel Structure Welding Quality Control: Los ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim nyog mus rau qhov kawg Weld txais
Source: Quality Control & Welding Technology Department
Vuam zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb lav rau tag nrho cov qauv kev nyab xeeb, ruaj khov thiab kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm steel engineering. Weld defects xws li nkag mus tsis tiav, porosity, tawg, inclusions thiab tsis zoo forming yuav ncaj qha txo tus qauv lub zog, corrosion kuj thiab qaug zog tsis kam ntawm steel Cheebtsam, coj zais txaus ntshai rau engineering siv thiab ntev - lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm. Txhawm rau muab siab -tus qauv steel qauv cov khoom lag luam thiab txhim khu kev qha vuam zoo rau cov neeg siv khoom thoob ntiaj teb, peb lub Hoobkas siv tag nrho - saw kaw- voj voog kev tswj hwm qhov system npogwelding txheej txheem tsim nyog, txheej txheem txheej txheem, nyob rau hauv - kev soj ntsuam thiab zaum kawg weld txais, realizing tag nrho -dimensional tswj ntawm vuam zoo.
1. Welding Procedure Qualification (WPQ & WPS)
Cov txheej txheem kev tsim nyog yog thawj qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev tsim kho cov txheej txheem vuam thiab cov hauv paus ntsiab lus los xyuas kom meej qhov ruaj khov thiab zoo sib xws ntawm cov vuam zoo ntawm txhua pawg. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem vuam hauv peb lub Hoobkas yog nruj me ntsis xyuas thiab lees paub raws li cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb suav nrog ISO, AWS thiab EN specifications.
Ua ntej kev tsim khoom, cov kws tshaj lij ua tiav Vuam Cov Txheej Txheem Specification (WPS) kev tsim thiab Vuam txheej txheem tsim nyog (WPQ) pov thawj raws li qib steel, phaj tuab, vuam txoj haujlwm thiab kev pabcuam kev ua haujlwm. Qhov kev tsim nyog suav nrog vuam tam sim no, qhov hluav taws xob, vuam ceev, cua sov input, preheating kub, interlayer kub thiab post-weld heat treatment parameters.
Tsuas yog tom qab dhau kev ntsuas kev ua tau zoo xws li tensile, dabtsi yog khoov thiab cuam tshuam cov qauv ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim nyog tuaj yeem ua cov txheej txheem vuam sib txuas tau muab tso rau hauv batch ntau lawm. Cov txheej txheem no ua kom tsis txhob muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis sib xws thiab cov txheej txheem tsis sib xws, kom ntseeg tau tias tag nrho cov welds tuav ruaj khov kev ua haujlwm thiab kev koom ua ke.
2. Ua ntej-Vuam Kev Npaj & Raw Material Control
nruj me ntsis ua ntej-welding zoo tswj tau txais yuav los tshem tawm cov kev pheej hmoo zoo los ntawm qhov chaw. Peb ua kev soj ntsuam tag nrho ntawm cov khoom siv hauv paus, vuam hlau, vuam pas nrig thiab flux kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv qib, tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab ua tau raws li cov qauv tsim.
Lub vuam zawj yog ua tiav thiab ntxuav kom tshem tawm xeb, roj, oxide nplai thiab ya raws ntawm qhov chaw thiab phab ntsa zawj, tiv thaiv cov cua qhov, slag inclusion thiab hydrogen-vim cov kab nrib pleb los ntawm qhov chaw tsis huv. Lub caij no, kev kho cov txheej txheem preheating yog ua rau siab - lub zog steel thiab tuab steel daim hlau kom txo cov kev ntxhov siab vuam thiab txhim kho weld toughness thiab tawg tsis kam.
3. Hauv -Txoj Kev Vuam Saib Xyuas & Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo
Peb siv tag nrho - txheej txheem tiag tiag - lub sij hawm saib xyuas thaum lub sij hawm vuam siv los xyuas kom meej tias tag nrho cov kev khiav hauj lwm yog ua raws li nruj raws li cov txheej txheem WPS tsim nyog. Cov kws tshaj lij vuam nrog cov ntawv pov thawj tsim nyog ua haujlwm tag nrho cov txheej txheem, thiab pab pawg QC taug qab thiab sau cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv lub sijhawm.
nruj me ntsis tswj txheej vuam, interlayer tu thiab interlayer kub tswj kom tsis txhob muaj cua sov input ntau dhau, lub zos overheating los yog tsis txaus fusion. Rau cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb xws li kev nkag welds thiab load-cov kabmob welds, symmetric welding thiab segmented vuam txheej txheem tau txais yuav los txo qhov vuam deformation thiab seem kev ntxhov siab, kom ntseeg tau qhov tseeb tag nrho qhov tseeb thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov khoom steel.
4. Tshaj tawm -Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Weld Surface & Dimensional Inspection
Tom qab welding tiav lawm, thawj kauj ruam yog ua kom pom kev soj ntsuam thiab qhov seem txais ntawm welds. Tshawb xyuas qhov kev sib txuas ntawm qhov sib txawv kom ntseeg tau tias qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov dav, kev hloov pauv, tsis muaj vuam qog, undercut, nto tawg, nto porosity thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tshawb xyuas qhov loj me me, qhov siab qhov siab thiab fusion dav kom ua raws li cov qauv kev ua siab ntev. Ntxuav cov welding spatter thiab vuam caws pliav rau ntawm qhov chaw kom zoo zoo thiab muaj kev ntxhov siab zoo ntawm qhov chaw weld, nteg lub hauv paus rau tom ntej uas tsis yog - kuaj kev puas tsuaj.
5. Tsis yog -Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Kev Puas Tsuaj (NDT) rau Weld Internal Quality
Txhawm rau kom tshem tawm cov kev phom sij sab hauv ntawm cov welds kom huv si, peb ua cov kws tshaj lij tsis yog -kev kuaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm txhua qhov tseem ceeb welds, suav nrog Ultrasonic Testing (UT), Radiographic Testing (RT), Sib Nqus Particle Testing (MT) thiab Penetrant Testing (PT) raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
Qhov kev kuaj no suav nrog kev tsis xws luag xws li weld incomplete penetration, incomplete fusion, internal cracks, slag inclusion and porosity. Txhua qhov kev sim ua haujlwm yog ua raws li cov qauv kev lees paub thoob ntiaj teb, nrog rau kev xeem waveforms, cov duab thiab cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg. Tsis tsim nyog welds raug cim, kho thiab rov- sim nruj me ntsis kom txog rau thaum lawv ua tau raws li tus qauv yuav tsum tau, kom ntseeg tau tias xoom zais tsis xws luag nyob rau hauv weld sab hauv.
6. Weld Mechanical Performance Verification
Raws li qhov tshwm sim thiab tsis yog - kev sim ua kom puas tsuaj, peb tsis tu ncua ua cov khoom siv vuam vuam rau kev ntsuas kev ua tau zoo, suav nrog kev ntsuas tensile, kev sim khoov thiab ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam. Xyuas kom tseeb tias lub vuam lub zog, ductility thiab toughness tsis qis dua li cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv, kom ntseeg tau tias cov welded sib koom ua ke muaj peev xwm txhim khu kev qha, qaug zog thiab kev sib koom tes muaj peev xwm.
Los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm lub cev, peb xyuas kom meej tias cov vuam tuaj yeem hloov kho mus rau qhov ntev -lub sij hawm thauj khoom- bearing, alternating stress thiab complex ib puag ncig ua hauj lwm tej yam kev mob, thiab ua tau raws li lub neej kev nyab xeeb ntawm steel qauv engineering.
7. Qhov kawg Weld Txais & Ua tiav Cov Ntaub Ntawv Traceability
Qhov kawg weld txais kev koom ua ke cov txheej txheem tsim nyog cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv txheej txheem, cov txiaj ntsig tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, NDT cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntsuas tshuab los tsim cov ntaub ntawv ua tiav ntawm vuam zoo. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv txais yuav raug xa mus tas li kom paub tag nrho lub neej voj voog traceability ntawm vuam zoo.
Peb nruj me ntsis siv cov qauv kev lees paub rau cov pa welds, cov welds tseem ceeb thiab cov welds tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias tag nrho cov qauv xa tawm tau ua tau raws li cov qauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb thiab cov neeg siv khoom tshwj xeeb. Peb txhawb nqa qhov thib peb -kev soj ntsuam tog xws li SGS thiab BV thiab cov neeg siv khoom ntawm - qhov chaw txais.
Xaus
High - vuam zoo yog qhov kev txhawb nqa tseem ceeb rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kav ntev ntawm cov qauv hlau. Los ntawm kev tswj tus txheej txheem los ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam tsim nyog, tag nrho - txheej txheem txheej txheem tswj mus rau ntau- qhov kawg ntawm qhov kev lees txais, peb lub Hoobkas tau tsim kom muaj kev tshawb fawb, nruj thiab paub tab vuam zoo tswj qhov system. Peb yuav tsum ua raws li siab -tus qauv vuam thev naus laus zis thiab kev tshuaj xyuas nruj me ntsis, txuas ntxiv txhim kho tag nrho cov qib zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hlau, thiab muab kev nyab xeeb, ruaj khov thiab siab - cov qauv hlau zoo rau cov neeg siv khoom engineering thoob ntiaj teb.
Xaus
