Kev soj ntsuam choj

 

 

 

Kev tshuaj xyuas choj npog rau 6 qhov tseem ceeb: lub hauv paus, substructure, superstructure, bearings, expansion pob qij txha, thiab cov chaw ntxiv. Nws kuj yuav siv sij hawm rau hauv tus account cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb tshuaj xyuas rau ntau yam choj xws li cov pob zeb ua vaj tse, steel qauv txuas hniav, masonry txuas hniav, thiab cov qauv sib txuas. Kev tshuaj xyuas tshwj xeeb kuj ntxiv cov khoom ua tau zoo, kev muaj peev xwm ntawm cov kabmob, thiab kev ntsuas cov yam ntxwv zoo.

(1) Kev sim yooj yim

Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov tshwm sim thiab ib puag ncig ib puag ncig: Tshawb xyuas kev yaig, hollowing tawm, thiab kev sib haum xeeb ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm tus choj pier / abutment, sau qhov poob ntawm cov av rov qab thiab cov kev hloov hauv cov dej hauv av hauv lub hauv paus, thiab tshuaj xyuas cov kab nrib pleb thiab voids ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm lub hauv paus thiab abutment;

Deformation deformation: siv ib theem thiab tag nrho cov chaw nres tsheb txhawm rau txheeb xyuas lub hauv paus kev sib hais haum, inclination, thiab kab rov tav slip, suav cov kev sib hais sib haum thiab qhov sib txawv tsis sib xws;

Pile foundation kev kuaj tshwj xeeb: txoj kev qis qis yog siv los ntsuas qhov kev ncaj ncees ntawm lub cev pawg, thiab cov kev tsis xws li cov pawg tawg, txo txoj kab uas hla, thiab cov av nkos suav nrog; Siv cov txheej txheem siab strain los ntsuas cov kab ntsug ntsug ntawm ib pawg; Siv cov txheej txheem drilling tseem ceeb los xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm lub zog ntawm lub cev pawg;

Kev kuaj xyuas lub hauv paus zoo / nthuav dav (kev tshuaj xyuas tshwj xeeb): Kev nkag mus hauv av radar yog siv los txheeb xyuas cov hauv qab ntawm lub hauv paus rau detachment thiab av softening, thiab xyuas seb lub hauv paus bearing muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm.

 

(2) Kev tshuaj xyuas qis dua

Kev kuaj pom kab mob:

Pob zeb piers / kem: Tshawb xyuas cov kab nrib pleb (ntu / kab rov tav / kab pheeb ces kaum, cov ntaub ntawv dav, qhov ntev, qhov tob), honeycombs, ntxhib nto, nthuav dav, corroded steel tuav, xoob pob zeb, thiab tev;

Masonry piers thiab abutments (cib / pob zeb / masonry): Tshawb xyuas cov kab nrib pleb hauv cov pob qij txha, cov pob qij txha, cov pob zeb xoob, huab cua ntawm cov masonry, thiab dej seepage;

Steel qauv pier: xyuas cov hlau corrosion, weld cracking, bolt loosening, thiab seem poob;

Geometric deformation nrhiav kom tau: Tag nrho cov chaw nres tsheb thiab cov kav dej laser yog siv los xyuas qhov tseeb thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov piers thiab abutments, nrog rau qhov deflection thiab deformation ntawm cov kab teeb;

Kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv (kev sim tshwj xeeb): txoj kev thim rov qab / ultrasonic rov ua tiav txoj hauv kev yog siv los ntsuas lub zog ntawm cov pob zeb, carbonation qhov tob ntsuas yog siv los txheeb xyuas cov carbonation qhov tob ntawm cov pob zeb, thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov hlau xeb raug tshawb xyuas; Siv txoj kev Leeb hardness los kuaj lub zog ntawm cov hlau rau steel qauv piers thiab abutments;

Choj abutment back inspection: Tshawb xyuas qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm cov av rov qab thiab tus choj taub hau dhia, thiab xyuas kom tawg, qaij, thiab zawv zawg ntawm lub abutment rov qab tuav phab ntsa.

 

(3) Sab saum toj qauv tshuaj xyuas

Lub sab sauv qauv yog cov tub ntxhais uas ncaj qha bears lub tsheb thauj khoom ntawm tus choj. Kev tshuaj xyuas tshwj xeeb yog ua rau cov nqaj nqaj hlau, cov choj koov, cov kav hlau txuas ruaj khov, cov kab hluav taws xob - nyob txuas ntxiv, thiab cov txuas txuas txuas ntxiv. Cov ntsiab lus tshuaj xyuas dav dav yog raws li hauv qab no, thiab cov ntsiab lus tshuaj xyuas tshwj xeeb yog ntxiv rau hom choj tshwj xeeb:

Cov ntsiab lus kuaj dav dav:

Cov tsos mob tsis xws luag: Tshawb xyuas cov kab nrib pleb, flexural deformation, pob zeb spalling, thiab nthuav tawm lub zog nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab nqaj, choj lawj, thiab crossbeam; Tshawb xyuas xeb, vuam tawg, xoob bolts, tivthaiv tsis ruaj khov, thiab ntu poob hauv cov qauv hlau loj;

Geometric deformation: Siv tag nrho cov chaw nres tsheb thiab ib theem los xyuas qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov deflection thiab tag nrho linearity ntawm lub ntsiab nqaj, thiab xam qhov sib piv ntawm deflection; Txheeb xyuas qhov tsis sib xws thiab qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag choj;

Kev sib txuas qhov chaw: Tshawb xyuas cov kab nrib pleb thiab xoob ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm lub ntsiab nqaj thiab lub hau npog, nrog rau nruab nrab ntawm txoj kab nruab nrab ntawm txoj kab nruab nrab thiab lub ntsiab nqaj, thiab xyuas kom muaj kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov kab sib txuas thiab cov pob qij txha ntawm cov qauv steel choj;

 

Cov ntsiab lus kuaj tshwj xeeb rau txhua hom choj:

Cable nyob txuas hniav / ncua kev txuas txuas: xyuas cov xeb, tawg xov hlau, thiab cable quab yuam attenuation ntawm cables / ncua kev kawm ntawv cables, verticality thiab tawg ntawm cable towers, looseness thiab xeb ntawm anchorages, thiab deformation ntawm stiffening beams;

Arch choj: nrhiav kev sib haum xeeb thiab tawg ntawm ko taw ko taw, lateral dabtsi yog khoov thiab instability ntawm koov tav, thiab uniformity ntawm nro ntawm ncua kev kawm ntawv rods;

Rigid thav duab choj: kuaj xyuas cov kab nrib pleb thiab kev ntxhov siab hauv cov kab nrib pleb, nrog rau kev puas tsuaj rau qhov sib koom ua ke ntawm cov piers thiab kab teeb;

Cov khoom siv kev ua tau zoo thiab cov kabmob muaj peev xwm kuaj (kev sim tshwj xeeb): Cov txheej txheem drilling yog siv los txheeb xyuas lub zog ntawm cov pob zeb, ultrasonic flaw detector yog siv los kuaj xyuas qhov tsis xws luag hauv cov qauv hlau welds, kev software (MIDAS / Civil, ANSYS) yog siv los tsim cov qauv tag nrho, txheeb xyuas qhov dabtsi yog khoov, shear, thiab compressive bearing muaj peev xwm ntawm cov qauv 0.

 

(4) Txhawb kev tshawb nrhiav (core: deformation, aging, detachment, tseem ceeb Cheebtsam rau load kis)

Bearings yog cov khoom tseem ceeb uas txuas rau sab sauv thiab sab hauv, nrog rau phaj hom roj hmab bearings, lauj kaub hom roj hmab bearings, spherical steel bearings, thiab steel bearings. Lawv yog siv los kuaj xyuas cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm, deformation, kev laus, thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm qhov tsom

Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov tshwm sim thiab kev ua haujlwm: Tshawb xyuas kev txhawb nqa offset, qaij, detachment, thiab grouting, nrog rau kev laus, tawg, bulging, roj to, raug steel phaj, corroded steel qhov chaw, thiab xoob bolts ntawm roj hmab txhawb nqa; Corrosion, deformation, thiab inflexibility ntawm steel bearings;

Deformation deformation: xyuas qhov ntsug compression thiab kab rov tav hloov chaw ntawm kev txhawb nqa;

Kev ntsuas kev ua tau zoo: Siv lub tshuab ntsuas siab los ntsuas cov kab ntsug ntsug ntawm kev txhawb nqa; Tshawb xyuas cov Shore hardness thiab elastic modulus ntawm cov roj hmab bearings, thiab ntsuas qhov kev laus ntawm kev laus;

Bearing pad pob zeb tshuaj xyuas: Tshawb xyuas cov kab nrib pleb, xoob, thiab tev tawm hauv cov pob zeb pob zeb, thiab tshuaj xyuas qhov flatness thiab elevation deviation ntawm lub pob zeb.

 

(5) Expansion sib koom soj ntsuam

Cov pob qij txha nthuav dav yog siv los tso tawm qhov kub thiab txias deformation thiab creep deformation ntawm cov txuas hniav. Lawv muab faib ua modular, zuag phaj, thiab roj hmab strip hom, thiab yog siv los xyuas kom meej meej, deformation peev xwm, thiab sealing kev ua tau zoo.

Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov tshwm sim: Tshawb xyuas qhov deformation, corrosion, thiab tawg ntawm expansion sib koom tes hlau, laus, tawg, detachment, thiab to ntawm roj hmab strips, looseness, misalignment, thiab jamming ntawm comb daim hlau, tawg thiab potholes ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm expansion pob qij txha thiab choj decks;

Kev sim ua haujlwm: Tshawb xyuas seb qhov kev nthuav dav thiab kev cog lus ntawm kev nthuav dav sib koom ua tau raws li cov qauv tsim, seb puas muaj kev cuam tshuam lossis tsis muaj peev xwm nthuav dav, thiab sau cov xwm txheej dhia ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke;

Kev soj ntsuam ib puag ncig: Tshawb xyuas qhov kev puas tsuaj thiab cov dej ntws tawm ntawm cov dej ntws hauv qab qhov kev nthuav dav sib koom ua ke, txheeb xyuas qhov kev ntseeg tau ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm kev nthuav dav thiab cov choj lawj pavement, thiab tiv thaiv cov dej nag los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv kab thiab kev txhawb nqa.

 

(6) Kev kuaj xyuas qhov chaw pabcuam

Choj lawj paving, railings thiab tiv thaiv - cov chaw sib tsoo, cov kav dej

 

 

Kev kuaj tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom siv: pob zeb, steel, masonry, roj hmab;

Cov yam ntxwv dynamic kev txheeb xyuas: siv cov vibration testers thiab acceleration sensors los xyuas lub ntuj zaus, hom qauv, thiab damping piv ntawm tus choj, txheeb xyuas cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm resonance tshwm sim los ntawm cov qauv nruj attenuation, thiab ntsuas tus choj lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv dynamic loads;

 

Load test (static load + dynamic load):

Static load test: Teem ntsuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tus choj, siv cov khoom zoo li qub, txheeb xyuas cov qauv deformation, kev ntxhov siab, thiab lub zog, thiab tshuaj xyuas seb lub peev xwm ntawm cov kabmob ua tau raws li cov qauv tsim;

Dynamic load test: Siv cov tsav tsheb thauj khoom ntawm qhov sib txawv kom dhau los ntawm tus choj, kuaj xyuas qhov dynamic deflection, dynamic kev nyuaj siab, thiab kev cuam tshuam coefficient ntawm tus qauv, thiab ntsuas qhov dynamic teb yam ntxwv ntawm tus choj;

Kev ntsuam xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntev: Kev sib xyaw ib puag ncig ib puag ncig, kuaj xyuas tus nqi ntawm cov txheej txheem degradation, kwv yees lub neej kev pabcuam ntxiv ntawm tus choj, thiab thov kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv.