Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb Hauv Tsev

 

 

 

Cov txheej txheem sim ua raws li cov kauj ruam ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav hauv paus, ntawm -kev tshuaj xyuas qhov chaw, kev txheeb xyuas cov qauv, thiab kev ntsuas qib kawg. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm txhua kauj ruam nce txheej los ntawm txheej, npog tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm lub tsev qauv yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb yog raws li hauv qab no:

(1) Kev tshawb nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb thiab ntawm - qhov chaw tshawb fawb

Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb yog los sau cov ntaub ntawv qub ntawm lub tsev, tuav cov xwm txheej yooj yim, thiab txiav txim siab cov kev taw qhia rau kev sim tom ntej. Yog tias tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv qub, nws yuav tsum tau muab ntxiv thiab txheeb xyuas los ntawm - qhov chaw tshawb nrhiav:

Sau cov ntaub ntawv tsim: kev tsim cov duab kos, cov ntawv txheeb xyuas cov qauv, cov ntaub ntawv lees paub tiav, cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb geological, thiab lwm yam;

Sau cov ntaub ntawv siv: kev pabcuam lub neej, kev hloov pauv hloov pauv, hloov pauv cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv kho thiab kho dua tshiab, keeb kwm kev puas tsuaj, thiab lwm yam;

Kev soj ntsuam ntawm qhov chaw: Tshawb xyuas qhov tseeb layout, structural system (cib pob zeb / ncej / shear phab ntsa / steel qauv, thiab lwm yam), cov khoom layout ntawm lub tsev, ua ntej soj ntsuam kev puas tsuaj (kawg, deformation, corrosion, alkali, thiab lwm yam), thiab sau cov cheeb tsam ib puag ncig (kev tsim kho, geology, kua, thiab lwm yam).

 

(2) Tshawb xyuas qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw

Qhov txuas tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas kev nyab xeeb hauv tsev yog kom tau txais qhov tsis muaj tseeb ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm tsis yog -kev puas tsuaj / micro puas ntsoog txoj hauv kev, muab cov ntaub ntawv tiag tiag rau kev kuaj xyuas cov qauv. Nws tau muab faib ua cov khoom kuaj dav dav thiab cov khoom kuaj tshwj xeeb rau txhua qhov txheej txheem:

1. Cov khoom kuaj dav dav (yuav tsum tau ua rau txhua lub tsev)

Geometric Dimension: Txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb qhov ntev (ntev, dav, qhov siab, tuab) ntawm lub tsev tag nrho qhov siab, tus naj npawb ntawm cov plag tsev, axis qhov ntev, thiab cov khoom siv ( kab teeb, kab, phab ntsa, pem teb, hauv paus) txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv tsim;

Kev pom zoo thiab kev puas tsuaj: xyuas kom meej cov khoom tawg (qhov chaw, kev taw qhia, qhov dav, qhov ntev, qhov tob), deformation (deflection, inclination, kev sib haum xeeb), corrosion (steel reinforcement corrosion, steel qauv corrosion, masonry alkali cracking), looseness, ces kaum poob, raug qhov cuab lub zog, splicing defects, thiab lwm yam.

Zuag qhia tag nrho qaij thiab kev daws teeb meem ntawm cov tsev: siv cov ntsuas ntsuas, tag nrho cov chaw nres tsheb, thiab inclinometers los kuaj xyuas, sau qhov siab thiab qaij tus nqi ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib hais, txheeb xyuas seb qhov kev sib haum xeeb zoo li cas thiab seb qhov qaij tshaj qhov kev txwv;

Cov khoom siv lub zog kuaj: Kev kuaj tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj feem ntau yog siv (txoj kev thim rov qab, txoj kev rov ua tiav ultrasonic, txoj kev tawv tawv), ntxiv los ntawm kev sim micro puas tsuaj (txoj kev drilling, rub-tawm txoj kev), txhawm rau kuaj lub zog tiag tiag ntawm pob zeb, masonry, mortar, thiab steel, thiab xyuas seb lawv puas ua tau raws li kev tsim thiab kev siv.

 

(3) Cov khoom kuaj tshwj xeeb rau txhua qhov txheej txheem (kev sim ntsuas raws li hom kev tsim tsev)

Cib qhob qauv: kev npaj ntawm phab ntsa khi tuav (qhov chaw, qhov ntau, qhov tob hauv faus), teeb tsa cov kab ke / nplhaib kab teeb thiab pob zeb ua kom muaj zog, sib tshooj ntev ntawm prefabricated slabs, kev ntseeg siab ntawm ru tsev truss ntawm kev sib txuas

Cov qauv tsim: pob zeb ua kom muaj zog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm kab ke kab ke, kev txhim kho kev tsim kho (tus naj npawb, txoj kab uas hla, qhov sib txawv), qhov sib txawv ntawm kab ke kab axis, deflection ntawm cov khoom, kev sib txuas ntawm cov phab ntsa infill thiab lub ntsiab lub cev

Shear Wall Structure: Shear Phab Ntsa Thickness, Reinforcement Configuration (Distributed Reinforcement, Hidden Column Reinforcement), Phab ntsa tawg (kab rov tav / ntsug / kab pheeb ces kaum), Coupling Beam Deformation thiab Cracks, Foundation Raft Thickness

Cov qauv hlau: steel qib tshuaj xyuas, weld zoo (ultrasonic/radiographic kuaj), bolt kev twb kev txuas (torque kuaj, looseness), tivthaiv deformation (deflection, sab dabtsi yog khoov), anti-corrosion txheej thickness, hluav taws kub tiv thaiv txheej kev ncaj ncees

Cov qauv ntoo: cov khoom siv ntoo qib, kev sib txuas ntawm cov pob qij txha (mortise thiab tenon, bolts, hlau qhov chaw), qib ntawm cov ntoo lwj / kab kab mob / tawg, tivthaiv deflection, hluav taws kub thiab tiv thaiv- cov nyhuv kho corrosion

Masonry qauv: cib / thaiv lub zog, mortar fullness, phab ntsa verticality, kev sib koom ua ke, core / qauv kab teeb tsa, beam bearing muaj peev xwm tshuaj xyuas

 

(4) Kev suav thiab kev txheeb xyuas ntawm cov qauv bearing muaj peev xwm

Raws li cov khoom siv tiag tiag, qhov loj me, thiab cov txheej txheem steel hlau tau los ntawm - qhov chaw kuaj, ua ke nrog cov khoom siv tam sim no (tuag load + nyob load) ntawm lub tsev, cov txheej txheem kev suav software (xws li PKPM, YJK) yog siv rau kev txheeb xyuas:

Load suav: Txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom thauj tuag (qhov hnyav ntawm tus kheej, txheej txheej kho kom zoo nkauj) thiab nyob thauj khoom (cov neeg coob coob, khoom siv, lub ru tsev daus / cua load), thiab coj tus nqi raws li qhov tshwj xeeb tam sim no;

Cov khoom pov thawj muaj peev xwm ua pov thawj: Rau cov khoom tseem ceeb xws li kab teeb, kab, phab ntsa, pem teb, hauv paus, thiab lwm yam, xyuas lawv cov dabtsi yog khoov, shear, compression, thiab tensile bearing capacities los txiav txim seb lawv puas ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj;

Kev soj ntsuam ntawm tag nrho cov qauv kev ruaj ntseg: Txheeb xyuas qhov kev tiv thaiv overturning, tiv thaiv zawv zawg, thiab seismic bearing muaj peev xwm ntawm lub tsev (yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv seismic fortification cheeb tsam), txheeb xyuas qhov rationality ntawm cov txheej txheem, thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov kev sib txuas ntawm node;

Kev soj ntsuam ntawm qhov ua rau muaj kev phom sij zais: Raws li cov xwm txheej geological, kev siv, thiab kev tsim kho zoo, txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau tawg, deformations, kev sib haum xeeb, thiab lwm yam teeb meem nrhiav pom thaum lub sij hawm sim (xws li kev sib haum xeeb ntawm lub hauv paus, kev thauj khoom ntau, cov khoom siv tsis txaus, kev tsim qauv tsis xws luag, thiab lwm yam).

(5) Kev ntsuam xyuas thiab kev txiav txim siab tawm tswv yim rau qib kev nyab xeeb hauv tsev